Understanding hammertoes
Hammertoes develop when the tendons and joints of a lesser toe become imbalanced. A deformity may remain flexible or become rigid over time and can be associated with joint instability, a bunion, or altered pressure beneath the forefoot.
Common signs and symptoms
- A curled or contracted toe
- Pain in shoes
- Corns over the joint
- Pressure beneath the forefoot
What to expect during evaluation
Evaluation considers flexibility, joint stability, muscle balance, footwear, and associated bunion or arch deformity. Weight-bearing X-rays may be obtained.
Treatment options
Treatment depends on the diagnosis, severity, activity goals, overall health, and prior care. Options may include:
- Roomier footwear
- Padding and toe sleeves
- Stretching or splinting
- Callus care
- Soft-tissue or bone correction when needed
Medically reviewed by Dr. Payaam Tavakoli and Dr. Phoram Vyas. General educational information only; an in-person evaluation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.