Understanding corns & calluses
Corns and calluses form where skin experiences repeated pressure or friction. Lasting relief often requires identifying the footwear or deformity creating that pressure. Patients with diabetes, neuropathy, or poor circulation should avoid self-cutting or medicated corn removers because skin injury may go unnoticed or heal poorly.
Common signs and symptoms
- Thickened skin
- A painful central core
- Pressure beneath the forefoot
- Irritation over a toe joint
What to expect during evaluation
Evaluation identifies pressure patterns, footwear fit, toe alignment, sensation, and circulation. Imaging may be used when a bony prominence contributes.
Treatment options
Treatment depends on the diagnosis, severity, activity goals, overall health, and prior care. Options may include:
- Safe reduction of thickened skin
- Padding and pressure relief
- Footwear modification
- Orthotics
- Correction of an underlying deformity when appropriate
Medically reviewed by Dr. Payaam Tavakoli and Dr. Phoram Vyas. General educational information only; an in-person evaluation is needed for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.